An actuator is a mechanical device that converts energy into motion, typically to move or control a system or mechanism. It receives a control signal (electrical, hydraulic, or pneumatic) and responds by producing a physical action, such as rotating, pushing, pulling, or lifting. Actuators are widely used in various industrial, automotive, and robotic applications to control valves, motors, dampers, or other moving components. Their role is critical in automation systems, as they enable precise control over mechanical processes.

Actuators come in different types, including electric, pneumatic, and hydraulic actuators, each suited to specific applications. Electric actuators use electrical power, making them ideal for precise control in automated systems. Pneumatic actuators rely on compressed air, providing fast, reliable motion in industrial settings, while hydraulic actuators use pressurized fluid to create substantial force, making them suitable for heavy-duty applications. The selection of an actuator depends on the application’s speed, force, and control requirements, making them versatile components in many mechanical and industrial systems.